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2026 年 4 月起英國最低工資是多少?四個級距、學徒率的終點與住宿抵扣

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英國的最低時薪不是單一數字,而是依年齡與學徒身分分成四檔。台灣人到英國打工或兼職時,最常被誤導的是「外籍工作者不適用」這種說法,官方的適用清單其實明文寫進了 foreign workers。

2026 年 4 月起英國最低工資是多少?四個級距、學徒率的終點與住宿抵扣主題插畫
AI 英國喵文章主題插畫

英國的法定最低時薪一年改一次。GOV.UK 在 National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage rates 這一頁寫了調整節奏:「The rates change on 1 April every year.」所以看到任何數字,第一件事是確認它屬於哪一個年度區間。

你實際該領多少、屬於哪一檔,由雇主依你的年齡與身分計算,爭議由執法機關處理。這裡列的是官方表格當天顯示的級距。

現行級距:官方表格標的是 April 2026

官方把 Current rates 表的列標題寫成 April 2026,四個欄位分別是:

類別時薪
21 and over£12.71
18 to 20£10.85
Under 18£8
Apprentice£8

名稱上要分清楚兩個詞:21 歲以上適用的叫 National Living Wage,其餘是 National Minimum Wage。官方在年齡門檻那一段先寫「You must be at least:」,再分兩列列出:「school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage」與「aged 21 to get the National Living Wage - the minimum wage will still apply for workers aged 20 and under」。也就是說,20 歲以下仍然受最低工資保障,只是適用另一檔。

同頁的 Previous rates 也留著對照:2025 年 4 月到 2026 年 3 月是 £12.21/£10/£7.55/£7.55,2024 年 4 月到 2025 年 3 月是 £11.44/£8.60/£6.40/£6.40。看到朋友轉貼的舊數字,可以直接對這張表確認是哪一年的。

學徒率什麼時候結束

學徒那一欄最容易算錯,因為它會自動失效。官方的規則是,符合下列任一者適用學徒率:未滿 19 歲;或 19 歲以上但仍在學徒制的第一年。

一旦同時滿足「19 歲以上」與「已完成學徒制第一年」,就要改領該年齡的一般費率。官方給了兩個對照例子:「An apprentice aged 21 in the first year of their apprenticeship is entitled to a minimum hourly rate of £8.」以及「An apprentice aged 21 who has completed the first year of their apprenticeship is entitled to a minimum hourly rate of £12.71.」同樣 21 歲,差別只在第一年有沒有跑完。

誰適用、誰不適用

台灣人最該看的是適用清單。Who gets the minimum wage 明文把 foreign workers 列進去,同時列入的還有兼職者、臨時工(例如只做一天的 casual labourers)、派遣工、按件計酬者、學徒、受訓者與試用期人員、身心障礙工作者、農業工作者、海員、離岸工作者,以及住在雇主家中、分擔家務與生活並被視為家庭一員的人,例如 au pair。

不適用的名單裡有兩項對留學生特別重要:一是「self-employed people running their own business」自營作業者;二是「higher and further education students on work experience or a work placement up to one year」,也就是一年以內的實習或工作實習的大專學生。其他不適用的還包括公司董事、志工、政府就業方案參與者、軍人、住在雇主家的雇主家人、未達義務教育結束年齡(通常 16 歲)者、職場見習、政府 pre-apprenticeship 方案、Erasmus+ 等歐盟方案參與者、最長 6 週的 Jobcentre Plus Work trial、share fishermen、受刑人,以及在宗教社群中生活與工作的人。

有一句話值得記下來:「Contracts for payments below the minimum wage are not legally binding. The worker is still entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.」簽了低於最低工資的合約,那個條款不具法律拘束力。

雇主提供住宿可以折抵,但有上限

雇主若提供住宿,可以把一部分折算進最低工資。官方寫自 April 2026 起的抵扣上限是每日 £11.10、每週 £77.70;2025 年的數字是 £10.66 與 £74.62。

重點是這條路只對住宿開放:「No other kind of company benefit (such as food, a car, childcare vouchers) counts towards the minimum wage.」餐食、車輛、托育券這些都不能拿來墊高時薪。餐廳或農場包吃包住的工作,帳要分開算。

常見問題

問:我持學生簽證打工,時薪能不能低一點? 最低工資的適用清單是以工作者身分認定的,foreign workers 在清單上。至於你一週能工作幾小時,那屬於簽證條件,是另一套規則,GOV.UK 這組頁面沒有把兩者綁在一起。

問:實習沒領薪水合法嗎? 要看性質。官方把「一年以內的大專工作實習」列為不適用最低工資,但也提醒提供 internship 的雇主應該先確認該名人員是否其實有領取最低工資的權利。

問:小費算進時薪嗎? GOV.UK 這三頁沒有處理小費與最低工資的關係,只說明住宿以外的公司福利不計入。這一題官方在此未說明。

問:生日過了要不要自動調薪? 費率是按年齡分檔的,跨檔就會換一欄。實際生效時點與計薪週期怎麼銜接,屬於雇主的薪資作業,請直接問人資。

問:領得比表上低,可以找誰? 官方給的順序是先跟雇主談;談不攏可以書面要求查看薪資紀錄,還能找人陪同並自行影印。仍未解決時,可撥 Acas 保密專線,或向 HMRC 檢舉雇主或職業介紹機構;官方也寫明「HMRC enforces the minimum wage on behalf of the Fair Work Agency (FWA).」另外,工作者也可以自己直接向 employment tribunal 提出。

費率每年 4 月 1 日換一次,看到任何時薪數字都要先確認年度。追討短付、雇主身分認定或被解僱的爭議屬於執法與法律層面,請走上述官方管道或洽合格的就業法律專業人士。

剛落地還在排各種手續的人,把官方窗口分層的那一篇可以當作第一站。

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參考來源

  1. National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage ratesGOV.UK · 2026-09-24
    • The rates change on 1 April every year.
    • 21 and over
    • 18 to 20
    • Under 18
    • Apprentice
    • £12.71
    • £10.85
    • April 2026
    • school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage
    • aged 21 to get the National Living Wage - the minimum wage will still apply for workers aged 20 and under
    • £12.21
    • £7.55
    • £11.44
    • £8.60
    • £6.40
    • An apprentice aged 21 in the first year of their apprenticeship is entitled to a minimum hourly rate of £8.
    • An apprentice aged 21 who has completed the first year of their apprenticeship is entitled to a minimum hourly rate of £12.71.
    • aged under 19
    • aged 19 or over and in the first year of their apprenticeship
  2. The National Minimum Wage and Living Wage: Who gets the minimum wageGOV.UK · 2026-09-24
    • foreign workers
    • casual labourers, for example someone hired for one day
    • agency workers
    • workers and homeworkers paid by the number of items they make
    • trainees, workers on probation
    • non-family members living in the employer’s home who share in the work and leisure activities and are treated as one of the family, for example au pairs
    • Contracts for payments below the minimum wage are not legally binding. The worker is still entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.
    • self-employed people running their own business
    • higher and further education students on work experience or a work placement up to one year
    • workers younger than school leaving age (usually 16)
    • people working on a Jobcentre Plus Work trial for up to 6 weeks
    • share fishermen
    • Employers who offer internships (sometimes called ‘work placements’ or ‘work experience’) should check if the person is entitled to the minimum wage.
  3. National Minimum Wage and Living Wage: accommodationGOV.UK · 2026-09-24
    • From April 2026, the rates are:
    • £11.10 (daily rate)
    • £77.70 (weekly rate)
    • £10.66
    • £74.62
    • No other kind of company benefit (such as food, a car, childcare vouchers) counts towards the minimum wage.
  4. The National Minimum Wage and Living Wage: Worker disputes over minimum wageGOV.UK · 2026-09-24
    • Workers who think their pay is below the correct minimum wage rate should talk to their employer first.
    • they can ask the employer in writing to see their payment records. The worker can take someone with them and make copies of the records.
    • Workers can call the confidential Acas helpline to help them solve a payment dispute.
    • Workers can also make a complaint to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about their employer or employment agency or complain on behalf of someone else.
    • HMRC enforces the minimum wage on behalf of the Fair Work Agency (FWA).
    • Workers can also go directly to the employment tribunal themselves.

本文由「喵宇宙 Meow Universe」製作,過程使用 AI 工具協助整理與撰稿,發布前經 AI 覆核,未經逐篇人工覆核。內容僅供參考,實際規定、數字與可否申請請以文中列出的官方來源最新公告為準。

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